Pencil-sharpener.



PATENTED NOV. 22, 1904.

F. P. LOVEJOY. PENCIL SHARPENER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1904.

NO MODEL;

UNir-no STATES Patented November 22, 1904.

PATENT rricn.

PENCIL-SHARPENER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 775,707, dated November 22, 1904.

Application filed April 19, 1904.

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED P. LOVEJOY, of Springfield,in the county of Vvindsor and State of Vermont,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pencil-Sharpeners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide a simple, durable, and effective pencil-sharpener adapted to form on a pencil a point or cone having a longitudinal concavity, thus giving the apex of the cone formed by the plumbago core a point of maximum length and having a relatively slight taper.

The invention consists in the several improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a top plan view of a pencil-sharpenerembodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2 20f Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3 3 of Fig. 2 and an elevation of the parts at the right of said line. Fig. 4 represents a side view of a pencil, showing the form of the point imparted by my improved sharpener. Fig. 5 represents a fragmentary View showing a portion of the grinding-wheel. Fig. 6 represents a section on line 6 6 of Fig. 5, showing portions of the abrasive cover for the grinding-wheel. Fig.7 represents a modification.

Thesame reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, (0 represents a vertical standard afiixed to a supporting-base.

0 represents a carrier which is mounted to revolve horizontally upon the standard a, the said carrier having hub portions 12 12, which are fitted to rotate upon the standard a, the latter being cylindrical.

(Z represents a shaft which is journaled in bearings 13 18, formed on the carrier 0, the shaft being preferably located above the standard a and having one of its ends extended outwardly considerably to one side of said standard, the said extended end being provided with a gear .2, which is here shown as a friction-gear, although, as hereinafter stated, said gear may be provided with gear-teeth, its object being to cooperate with a fixed annular Serial No. 203,915. (No model.)

' affixed to the hub and entering alongitudinal slot 18, formed in the shaft, this engagement causing the wheel to rotate with the shaft and permitting it to move to a limited extent lengthwise of the shaft, for a purpose hereinafter explained.

The carrier 0 is provided with a tubular extension 19, which constitutes a bearing in which is journaled a pencil-holding chuck, (indicated as a whole by the reference-letter 7a) the said chuck being arranged to present a pencil J to the grinding-surface of the wheel The chuck is preferably composed of, first, a cylindrical sleeve 20, journaled in the bearing 19 and adapted to rotate loosely therein, said sleeve having an enlarged milled or corrugated head 21 at its upper end, adapted to be grasped by the operator, and, secondly,aseries of jaws 22, preferably three in number, located within the sleeve 20, each jaw having inclines 23 23 at its ends bearing on corresponding inclines on the interior of the sleeve 20. The jaws are pressed upwardly by a spring 2 1, one end of which bears on a fixed shoulder within the sleeve 20, while the other end bears on a sliding flanged collar 25, which bears in turn on shoulders on the jaws, as shown in Fig. 3, the arrangement being such that the pressure of the spring acts conjointly with the inclines 23 and the fixed inclines against which they bear in forcing the jaws inwardly toward the axis of the chuck, and thus causing them to bear yieldingly upon a pencil forced into the center of the chuck between the jaws. The chuck is retained in the bearing 19 by means of 'a stud'26 affixed to said bearing and projecting into a peripheral groove 27, formed in theisleeve 20. The bearing 19 is located at one side of the axis of the carrier 0, so that it is adapted to serve as a crank-arm, which may be used to revolve the carrier and the chuck about the axis of the carrier. is ofgreater diameter than the bearing 19, so that it is adapted to serve as the handle portion of said crank-arm, the operators hand grasping the head 21 and through the latter imparting the described revolving motion to the carrier. It will be seen that when the head 21 is held by the operators hand, as described, and the carrier 0 is revolved all sides of the pencil are presented to the grindingwheel.

The revolution of the carrier 0 causes the gear e and the fixed annular gear f to cooperate in rotating the shaft 18 and the grinding-wheel. As above stated, the grindingwheel is movable longitudinally of the shaft d. The said wheel is pressed yieldingly toward the axis of the chuck and against a pencil inserted therein by means of a spring 1', interposed between a fixed shoulder on the shaft (Z and a shoulder on the hub 16 of the grindingwheel. The movability of the grinding-wheel lengthwise of the shaft is limited by the stud 17 and slot 18, so that when the grindingwheel is at the extreme of its movement caused by the spring 1', the inner edge of its abrasive face extends somewhat across the axial line of the chuck, the wheel being movable in the opposite direction far enough to bear against the end of an unsharpened pencil inserted in the chuck. The insertion of the pencil in the chuck displaces the wheel to the extent required by the form and condition of the end of the pencil.

The gear a, affixed to the grinding-"wheel shaft, is, as above stated, preferably a frictiongear and is peripherally grooved to form two side faces bearing on the beveled sides of the fixed annular gear f. The said annular gear in this case forms the margin of a cup or bowl 7:7, which is affixed to the standard a by means of a hub 1 0 connected with the body of the bowl by arms A The bottom portion of the bowl between the arms is open to permit the cuttings to escape from the bowl intoa reservoir m, affixed to the standard a. The bowl 7c is rigidly supported and constitutes the support for the standard a, the latter being rigidly afiixed to the hub portion In. The preferred means for rigidly supporting the bowl comprise a standard 0, having a base 0, which may be screwed to a table or other support. As here shown, the standard 0 is jointed at p to an ear formed on the bowl, the standard and ear being detachably clamped or secured rigidly together in such manner that the standard can occupy either the vertical position shown in full lines or the horizontal position shown in dotted lines. When the standard is in the last-mentioned position, it is adapted for attachment to a vertical support.

To maintain an operative connection between the gears e and f, I provide a spring 2,

The head 21 of the chuck-sleeve 20 which is arranged to exert a downward pressure on the carrier 0, thus pressing the gear 1.- closely against the fixed annular gearf'. The said spring bears at one end on a fixed stud on the standard a and at its other end on the lower hub portion 12 of the carrier. This provision for pressing one gear against the other is particularly desirable when the gears are engaged by friction. It is-obvious, however, that the said gears may be provided with intermeshing teeth, as indicated in Fig. 7.

When the abrasive face of the grindingwheel is composed of a detachably-secured sheet or band15 of flexible abrasive material, the said band or strip may be secured by the insertion of its ends in a slot 28, formed in the wheel g, as shown in Fig. 5, the said ends being bent backwardly from the body of the strip and extended through the slot, as inclicated in Figs. 1 and 6.

The relative arrangement of the chuck and the acting portion of the grinding-wheel is such that the pencil stands obliquely to the said acting portion or at a tangent to a circle drawn betweenthe inner and outer margins of the said acting portion. The result of this arrangementis the formation of a cone on the end of a pencil which is longitudinally con-, cave, as indicated in Fig. 1. The plumbago core is thus reduced at its end to an elongated and very slender taper, which is very desirable for fine work.

From the foregoingit will be seen that when an unsharpened pencil is inserted in the chuck it displaces the grinding-Wheel to the maximum extent, so that the wheel bears first against the extreme end of the pencil. When the operator grasps the head of the chuck and through the latter imparts a revolving motion to the carrier 0, the chuck and pencil are caused to rotate on their own. axis relatively to the wheel, and the wheel is caused to rotate on its axis while revolving with the chuck. As the pencil is cut away the grind. ing-wheel is pressed forward by the spring ,7' toward the axis of the pencil until the pencil is completely sharpened.

It is obvious that the grinding-wheel instead of being faced with abrasive material may be entirely of metal and. provided with a suitably-dressed grinding-surface integral with the body of the Wheel.

The carrier 0 includes avertical bar 35, connecting the upper and lower hub portions 12 12, a curved bar 36, connecting the lower hub. portion 12 with one of the bearings 13, and arms 37 38, connecting the chuck-bearing 19 with one of the shaft-bearings 13 and with the upper hub portion 12. The grindingwheel is preferably provided with a shoulder 1 10 at the inner edge of the beveled portion 14 to support the inner edge of the abrasive strip 15.

I claim- 1. A pencil-sharpener comprisingarevoluble carrier, a chuck journaled in said carrier at one side of its axis of revolution, a grinding-wheel rotatable on said carrier, and adapted to act on a pencil held by the chuck, and means actuated by the revolution of the carrier for rotating the grinding-wheel.

2. A pencil-sharpener comprising a revoluble carrier, a chuck journaled therein at one side of the axis of revolution of the carrier, a rotary grinding-w heelsupported by the carrier and movable toward and from the axis of the chuck, means for yieldingly pressing the grinding-wheel toward the chuck-axis, and means actuated by the revolution of the carrier for rotating the grinding-wheel.

3. A pencil-sharpenercomprising a revoluble carrier having a tubular extension located at one side of the axis of revolution, and adapted to serve as a crank-arm, a chuck journaled in said extension and having pencil-grasping jaws and a head formed as a hand-grip, a grinding-wheel rotatable on said carrier and adapted to act on a pencil held by the chuck, and means actuated by the revolution of the carrier for rotating the grinding-wheel.

4. A pencil-sharpener comprising a rotatable grinding-wheel having a frusto-conical annular acting portion, and a journaled pencil-holding chuck arranged to hold a pencil with its axis tangential to the said acting portion, substantially as set forth.

. 5. A pencil-sharpener comprising a journaled pencil-grasping chuck, agrinding-wheel shaft journaled at an angle to the axis of a pencil held by the chuck, a grinding-wheel having a sliding and rotative engagement with said shaft, means for rotating the shaft and wheel, and means for yieldingly pressing the grinding-wheel toward the axis of the pencil.

6. A pencil-sharpener comprising a revoluble carrier, a chuck journaled in said carrier at one side of its axis of revolution, a shaft journaled in said carrier and provided witha gear, a grinding-wheel mounted on said shaft, and a fixed annular gear surrounding the axis of the carrier and engaged with the gear on the grinding-wheel shaft.

7 A pencil-sharpener comprising a revoluble carrier, a chuck journaled in said carrier at one side of its axis of revolution, a shaft journaled in said carrier and provided with a gear, a grinding-wheel mounted on said shaft, a fixed annular gear surrounding the axis of the carrier and engaged with the gear on the grinding-wheel shaft, and means for exerting a yielding pressure on the carrier to maintain an operative frictional engagement between said gears.

8. A pencil-sharpener comprising a base, a standard supportedthereby, a fixed annular gear supported by the "base and surrounding the standard, a carrier journaled on said standard and adapted to revolve about the same, said carrier having a tubular crank-arm, a pencil-holding chuck journaled in said arm and having a hand-grip, a shaft journaled in said carrier and extending at an angle with the standard, a grinding-wheel engaged with said shaft and having a yielding movement thereon toward a pencil held by the chuck, and a gear affixed to the shaft and engaged with the said annular gear.

9. A pencil-sharpener comprising a base, a standard supported thereby, a fixed annular gear supported by the base and surrounding the standard, a carrier journaled on said standard and adapted to revolve about the same, said carrier having a tubular crankarm, a pencil-holding chuck journaled in said arm and having a hand-grip, a shaft journaled in said carrier and extending at an angle with the standard, a grinding-wheel engaged with said shaft and having a yielding movement thereon toward a pencil held by the chuck, a gear affixed to the shaft and engaged with the said annular gear, and a spring acting on the carrier to press the gear on the grinding-wheel shaft yieldingly against the annular gear.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRED P. LOVEJOY.

Witnesses:

ALBERT L. GUTTERsoN, CHARLEs M. GUTTERSON. 

